It lies near the source of some of the longest rivers in Asia: the Indus River, the Sutlej River (a major tributary of the Indus River), the Brahmaputra River, and theKarnali River (a tributary of the Ganges River). It is considered a sacred place in four religions: Bön, Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism. In Hinduism,it is considered to be the abode of Lord Shiva anda place of eternal bliss. The mountain lies near Lake Manasarowar and Lake Rakshastal in Tibet.According to Hinduism, Lord Shiva, the destroyer of evil and sorrow, resides at the summit of
mountain named Kailāśā, where he sits in a state
of perpetual meditation along with his wife Pārvatī,
the daughter of Himalaya. Mt. kailash
Kailash east face |
According to one description in the Vishnu Purana,
Mount Kailash is the center of the world, its four faces
are made of crystal, ruby, gold, and lapis lazuli. It is the pillar of the world and the center of the world mandala; and is located at the heart of six mountain ranges symbolizing a lotus.The four rivers flowing from
Kailash then flow to the four quarters of the world and divide the world into four regions. In fact the Indus, Brahmaputra, Sutlej (a major Indus tributary) and theKarnali (a major Ganges tributary) all rise near the mountain,making it the hydrographic nexus of South Asia.The Ganges River also formed in this mountain.
Kailash north face |
The largest and most important rock-cut temple,
Kailash Temple at Ellora, Maharashtra is named after
Mount Kailash. Many of its sculptures and reliefs depicts
episodes relating to Lord Shiva and Maa Parvati,
including Ravana's tale. (Ravana was a devotee of Lord Shiva.
Kailash south face |
Ramayana does not document Ravan shaking Kailasa
mountain.) Ravana's mother had fallen ill. As they were great Lord Shiva devotees, he had attempted to carry the temple on his back to bring it closer to his mother. Shiva, being stunned by his boldness, had blessed him with immortality as Ravana had passed Lord Shiva's test of devotion.
Kailash west face |
Every year, thousands make a pilgrimage to Kailash,
following a tradition going back thousands of years.
Pilgrims of several religions believe that circumambulating Mount Kailash on foot is a holy ritual that will bring good fortune. The peregrination is made in a clockwise direction by Hindus and Buddhists. Followers of the Jain and Bönpo religions
circumambulate the mountain in a counterclockwise direction. The path around Mount Kailash is 52 km (32 mi) long. Walking around the holy mountain—a part of its official park—has to be done on foot, pony or yak, taking some three days of trekking starting from a height of around 15,000 ft (4,600 m) past the Tarboche (flagpole) to cross the Drölma pass 18,200 ft (5,500 m), and encamping for two nights en route. First, near the meadow of Dirapuk gompa, some 2 to 3 km (1.2 to 1.9 mi) before the pass and
second, after crossing the pass and going downhill as far as possible (viewing Gauri Kund in the distance).
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